SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Abdominal discomfort
• Yellow eyes and skin
• Dark urine or light-colour stool
• Nausea or vomiting
• Fatigue
• Begin 15-50 days after exposure
TRANSMISSION
Hepatitis A is spread by:
• Fecal-oral transmission (food-borne
transmission)
• Oral sex
• Finger/anal
sex
• Hepatitis A can spread to sex partners
• Hepatitis A causes no long-term liver damage
and usually does not cause death.
• There is no chronic carrier state.
• Having had the disease produces lifelong
immunity against
re-infection.
• Wash hands after bowel movement.
• Avoid oral/anal and finger/anal sex.
• Hepatitis A vaccine is recommended for all
children over 12 months of age, adolescents and
sexually active adults.
• Immune globulin injection may be given within
14 days of
exposure.
TESTING
AND TREATMENT
• Get a test from a medical provider if infection is suspected.
• There is no effective treatment to shorten course
of acute infection.
Hepatitis: Type B (caused by hepatitis B virus)SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Loss of appetite
• Abdominal discomfort
• Yellow eyes and skin
• Dark urine or light-colour stool
• Nausea or vomiting
• Fatigue
• Pain in muscles and joints
• Begin
45-180 days after exposure
Hepatitis B is spread by:
• Vaginal sex
• Anal sex
• Oral sex
• Sharing needles for injecting drugs, body
piercing or tattooing
• Infected mother to newborn
• Sharing personal items that may have blood or
bodily fluids on them (razors, tooth brushes, nail
clippers, pierced
earrings)
• Can spread to sex partners
• Can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, liver
cancer and death
• Infected mother can pass virus to newborn.
• Infected baby may become a chronically
infected.
• Can infect others while in both acute and chronic
phases.
• Less than 1% of people die during the acute
phase of
infection.
• Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all
infants, adolescents and sexually active adults.
• Don’t share needles for drugs, tattooing or
piercing.
• Avoiding vaginal, oral or anal sex is the best
way to prevent STDs.
• Latex condoms, when used consistently and
correctly, can reduce the risk of transmission of
hepatitis B.
• Always use latex condoms during vaginal and
anal sex.
• Use a latex condom for oral sex on a penis.
• Use a latex barrier (dental dam or condom cut in
half) for oral sex on a vagina or anus.
• Limit the number of sex partners.
• Don’t share personal items like razors.
• When infant is born to an infected mother,
immunize infant
at birth.
• Get a test from a medical provider if infection is suspected.
• Hepatitis B immune globulin injection given
within 7 days after blood exposure or 14 days
after sexual contact; vaccine may also be
recommended.
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